![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Silvia Catalina Miranda Gálvez
La presencia del francés en el léxico turístico alemán…
significado es implícito. El símbolo musical es disfrutado por sí mismo. Por
ello, resulta imposible aislar partículas musicales dotadas de significación.
Para Langer, la música no es el sentimiento mismo o su copia, sino su
presentación simbólica según leyes propiamente musicales. El arte y la
música, constituyen un “símbolo originario”, organizado según “la lógica de
un proceso orgánico” y por ello, no analizable.
Por su parte, las investigaciones del musicólogo Leonard Meyer2
dedican una mayor atención a la estructura psicológica del disfrute de la
música, manteniendo el principio de que la música no tiene ninguna función
referencial. Defiende que «un evento musical tiene significado porque se
encuentra en tensión hacia otro evento musical al cual esperamos». El
significado emerge en la medida en que la relación entre la tensión y la
solución se hace explícita y consciente.
Lo que resulta significativo respecto a una cierta sociedad, puede no
serlo respecto a otro grupo humano, si esas relaciones, tensiones y
soluciones no se explicitan. La percepción del significado del mensaje
musical constituye un proceso activo que pone en juego a toda nuestra
psique, proceso consciente en busca de un proceso que pueda llevarnos a
un punto final. Así, la obra musical tiende a satisfacer unas exigencias
propias del funcionamiento de la misma psique humana.
Finalmente, Heinrich Schenker3 formula una teoría que todavía hoy
permanece como un punto de referencia. El análisis schenkeriano guarda
un indudable relación con la Fenomenología husserliana4. Se fundan sobre
el principio de que por debajo de la página musical hay siempre una
estructura original a la que de cualquier modo es necesario retrotraerse si
se desea captar la estructura auténtica del fragmento analizado.
2 Compositor, escritor y filósofo del siglo XX y XIX. Trabajo en la Universidad de Chicago como profesor de música y
en la Universidad de Pensilvania como profesor de música y humanidades. En su principal obra Emotion and
Meaning in Music (1956), explica cómo funcionan los mecanismos de la mente para percibir y entender la música,
estableciendo el modo en que los mecanismos perceptivos del ser humano crean una impresión de forma
determinada ante los estímulos musicales que recibe. Otras obras importantes en su carrera han sido The Rhythmic
Structure of Music (escrita junto a Grosvenor Cooper, 1960), Explaining Music (1973), y Style and Music: Theory,
History, and Ideology (1989).
3 Teórico de la música austríaco del siglo XIX y XX. Es muy conocido por su aproximación al análisis musical.
Pretendía que sus análisis constituyeran una herramienta para los intérpretes y aportaran un conocimiento más
profundo de la obra. Entre sus obras más importantes se encuentran Tratado de armonía (Harmonielehre, 1906) y
Contrapunto (Kontrapunkt, 2 vols., 1910 y 1922).
4 Método desarrollado por Edmund Husserl que, partiendo de la descripción de las entidades y cosas presentes a la
intuición intelectual, logra captar la esencia pura de dichas entidades trascendente a la misma consciencia.