Territorial zoning as an instrument for planning and managing tourist destinations affected by natural disasters: the 2016 post-earthquake strategy in Portoviejo (Ecuador)
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Abstract
This research aims to demonstrate how the use of the zoning technique in urban planning can contribute to the recovery of tourism and commercial management systems in cities affected by natural disasters such as this case of Portoviejo, after having suffered an earthquake of 7.8º on the Richter scale in 2016. This work uses a descriptive exploratory approach designed in two key phases: the first, in which a comprehensive tourist diagnosis was made, and the second, in which a georeferenced planimetry was created in which it represented the state of the city's socioeconomic and environmental system by neighborhoods and districts. Among the results obtained, the strong impact suffered on the local economy by the natural disaster and the positive feasibility for the execution of a tourist zoning based on the Cantonal Territorial Planning. For this, an evaluation of the different urban sectors of the city was carried out from the socio-environmental and economic point of view, until four main areas were distinguished: the area with the greatest sustainability; tour; residential; commercial and business. It concludes with the confirmation that the design of a territorial zoning constitutes a good tool for the tourist planning and organization of the territory and the efficiency of its governance system, in order to promote sustainable development and the recovery of destinations affected by it disaster type.
Keywords: recovery of urban tourist destinations; socio-natural disasters; sustainable development; tourist zoning; territorial planning.
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