Experimental design of a bird tourism enterprise in the “Sierra La Laguna” Biosphere Reserve International (Mexico)
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Abstract
Given the loss of natural capital, the implementation of Protected Natural Areas (ANPs) is strengthened as a strategy for the conservation of the ecosystem, biodiversity, environmental and social sustainability in Mexico and the world. Baja California Sur, the state with the largest extension under protection, is home to the Sierra La Laguna Biosphere Reserve (REBIOSLA), noted for safeguarding ecosystems and unique species and recharging aquifers, contributing to the development of the main municipalities. The lack of budgetary resources to support the ANP and limitations to develop economic activities threaten the communities present, and the operation of the reserve. The project developed in a participatory way with residents a strategy of sustainable and responsible economic diversification of the cultural and natural heritage, implementing a social enterprise, where bird watching is paramount. It was based on studies and horizontal dialogues to document the avifaunistic capital, surveys to determine socio-economic aspects and participatory workshops. The business model, organization and marketing strategies, and key elements of the corporate image were integrated. The company and its business plan were started, trails were delimited using existing gaps, reducing impacts on habitats, a quick regional bird guide was integrated, local guides were trained, and a support web page was created.
Key words: Sierra la Laguna, bird watching, social entrepreneurship, alternative activities, economic diversification, community enterprise.
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