VILLALAR: WARLIKE GESTURE AND CONSTITUTIONAL CRISIS

Abstract

After the reunification of the peninsula after the capture of Granada, the institutionalization of the new state was pending, which arose from the personal union of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon, whose kingdoms, at the death of John II, maintained their traditional customs and institutions, remaining united only by the holder of the Crown.  The death of Isabella in 1504 leaving her daughter Juana as heir and that of Ferdinand in 1516, after his second regency, naming his grandson Charles as heir of his patrimonial states, will give rise shortly after to the first crisis of the monarchy between the years 1519 to 1523. Crisis in the broadest sense of the expression: political, economic, institutional and social. And of course constitutional. If during the beginning of Isabella's reign and until the battle of Toro in 1476 the constitutional political dilemma was to choose between the Castilian-Aragonese or the Castilian-Lusitanian model, with the arrival of Charles and his seizure of power in both Aragon and Castile, the question was the maintenance of the medieval institutional triangle (King-Courts-Municipalities) against the new trends demanded by the appearance and consolidation of the State as a monist form of power shared by King and nobility. The French constitutional model inspired by Bodin and justifying the absolute monarchy. Against this conception of politics and power, the Communards rose up. Their defeat will mark the History of Spain and the overwhelming triumph of Carlos