Corporeidad, corpus-substantia y corpus-quantum en los comentarios a la Física y a los Analíticos Posteriores de Grosseteste
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Los escritores medievales distinguen el cuerpo como sustancia (corpus-substantia) del cuerpo como cantidad – corpus-quantitas (o quantum). Uno de los primeros usos de esta distinción lo encontramos en las obras escritas por Roberto Grosseteste en la década de los 20 del siglo XIII. En este artículo exploro el uso y la comprensión de esta distinción por parte de Grosseteste. Propongo que entiende el corpus-substantia como tal como un compuesto adimensional de una primera forma corpórea, corporeidad y materia prima. La corporeidad misma es una potencia activa en tres dimensiones. A través de su infinita y necesaria automultiplicación, la corporeidad extiende la materia prima que informa hacia tres dimensiones, resultando así en corpus-quantum. Analizo cómo la concepción de corporeidad de Grosseteste, aunque probablemente basada en ideas de Avicena, difiere de las diferentes interpretaciones de la concepción de corporeidad de Avicena propuestas por comentaristas medievales y modernos.
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Bibliografía
Bibliography
Primary Sources
Alexander Nequamm, Speculum speculationum, edited by R. M. Thomson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988).
Algazel, Metaphysica, edited by J. Muckle (Toronto: The Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1933).
Anon., Dialectica Monacensis, edited by L. M. De Rijk, Logica Modernorum, 2 vols. (Assen: Van Gorcum 1967), II.ii, 459-638.
Aristotle, Analytica posteriora, Aristoteles Latinus IV 1-4, edited by L Minio-Paluello and B. G. Dod (Bruges and Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1968).
Averroes, De substantia orbis, in Aristotelis opera cum Averrois commentariis, IX (Venice 1562; repr. Frankfurt a.M.; Minerva, 1962).
—, In Metaphysicam, in Aristotelis opera cum Averrois commentariis, VIII (Venice 1562; repr. Frankfurt a.M.: Minerva, 1962).
Avicebron, Fons vitae, edited by C. Baeumker (Münster: Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1895).
Avicenna, Liber de philosophia prima sive scientia divina, edited by S. Van Riet, 3 vols. (Louvain and Leiden: Peeters and Brill, 1977).
—, Liber primus naturalium, tractatus primus de causis et principiis naturalium, edited by S. Van Riet (Louvain and Leiden: Peeters and Brill, 1992).
Geoffrey of Aspall, Questions on Aristotle’s Physics, edited by S. Donati and C. Trifogli, 2 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017).
Peter Abelard, Glossae super Praedicamenta Aristotelis, in Logica ‘ingredientibus’ 2, edited by B. Geyer (Münster i.W: Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1921), 111-305.
Richard Fishacre, In secundum librum Sententiarum Part 1, edited by R. J. Long (München: Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2008).
Richard Rufus of Cornwall, Scriptum in Metaphysicam Aristotelis: Alpha to Epsilon, edited by R. Wood, N. Lewis, and J. Ottman (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022).
—, Scriptum in Aristotelis Metaphysicam Redactio brevior, edited by R. Wood, N. Lewis, and J. Ottman. URL: https://rrp.stanford.edu/SMet11rb.shtml [accessed June 12, 2023].
Robert Grosseteste, Commentarius in Posteriorum Analyticorum Libros, edited by P. B. Rossi (Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 1981).
—, Commentarius in VIII libros Physicorum Aristotelis, edited by R. Dales (Boulder, Colorado: University of Colorado Press, 1963).
—, De luce, edited by C. Panti, “Robert Grosseteste’s De luce. A Criticial Edition”, in Robert Grosseteste and his Intellectual Milieu. New Editions and Studies, edited by J. Flood, J. Ginther, and J. Goering (Toronto: PIMS, 2013), 193-238, 226-238 (accompanied by an English translation in the same volume by Neil Lewis, 239-247).
—, De motu corporali et luce, in Die philosophischen Werke des Robert Grosseteste Bischofs von Lincoln, edited by L. Baur (Münster i.W.: Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1912), 90-92.
—, De operationibus solis, edited by J. McEvoy, “The Sun as res and signum: Grosseteste’s Commentary on ‘Ecclesiasticus’ ch. 43, vv. 1-5,” Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale 41 (1974): 38-91, 62-91.
—, De statu causarum, in Die philosophischen Werke des Robert Grosseteste Bischofs von Lincoln, edited by L. Baur (Münster i.W.: Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1912), 120-126.
—, De subsistentia rei, edited by O. Lewry, “Robert Grosseteste’s Question on Subsistence: An Echo of the Adamites”, Mediaeval Studies 45 (1983): 1-21, 19-21
Robert Kilwardby, De ortu scientiarum, edited by A. Judy (London: The British Academy; Toronto: The Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1976).
—, Notula super librum Praedicamentorum, edited by A. D. Conti. URL: https://web.archive.org/ web/20150420120810/http://www-static.cc.univaq.it/diri/lettere/docenti/conti/Allegati/ Kilwardby_praedicamenta.pdf [accessed June 12, 2023].
Thomas of York, Sapientiale 2, edited by C. Grassi, The Doctrine of Creation in the Sapientiale of Thomas of York, 3 vols. (PhD dissertation, University of Toronto, 1952), II.
—, Sapientiale 4-5, edited by C. Garvey, Substance and Being in Books Four and Five of the Sapientiale of Thomas of York, 3 vols. (PhD dissertation, University of Toronto, 1951), II.
Secondary Sources
De Vaux, Roland, “La première entrée d’Averroës chez les latins”, Revue des Sciences philosophiques et théologiques 22 (1933): 193-224.
Ebbesen, Sten, “Early Supposition Theory II”, Vivarium 51 (2013): 60-78.
Gál, Gideon, “Opiniones Richardi Rufi Cornubiensis a Censore Reprobatae”, Franciscan Studies 35 (1975): 137-193.
Goering, Joseph, “When and Where did Grosseteste Study Theology?”, in Robert Grosseteste: New Perspectives on his Thought and Scholarship, edited by J. McEvoy (Steenbrugge and Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 1995), 17-51.
Hyman, Arthur, “Aristotle’s First Matter and Avicenna’s and Averroes’ Corporeal Form”, in Essays in Medieval Jewish and Islamic Philosophy: Studies from the Publications of the American Academy for Jewish Research, edited by A. Hyman (New York: Ktav Publishing House, 1977), 335-356.
Lammer, Andreas, The Elements of Avicenna’s Physics: Greek Sources and Arabic Innovations (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2018).
Lamy, Alice, “Les propriétés quantitatives du corps dans le Traité des formes (pars posterior) de Gautier Burley,” Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes 22 (2011): 511-535.
Panti, Cecilia, “Matter and Infinity in Robert Grosseteste’s De luce and Notes on the Physics”, in Materia. Nouvelles perspectives de recherche dans la pensée et la culture médiévales (XIIe-XVIe siècles), edited by T. Suarez-Nani and A. Paravicini Baliani (Florence: SISMEL - Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2017), 27-55.
—, “Robert Grosseteste and Adam of Exeter’s Physics of Light,” in Grosseteste and his Intellectual Milieu. New Editions and Studies, edited by J. Flood, J. Ginther, and J. Goering (Toronto: PIMS, 2013), 164-190.
—, “The Evolution of the Idea of Corporeity in Robert Grosseteste’s Writings”, in Robert Grosseteste: His Thought and Its Impact, edited by J. P. Cunningham (Toronto: PIMS, 2012), 111-139.
Pasnau, Robert, Metaphysical Themes 1274-1671 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2011).
Polloni, Nicola, “Early Robert Grosseteste on Matter”, Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 75 (2021): 97-114.
Silva, José Filipe, “Robert Kilwardby”, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2021 Edition), edited by E. N. Zalta. URL: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/robert-kilwardby/
Stone, Abraham, “Simplicius and Avicenna on the Essential Corporeity of Material Substance”, in Aspects of Avicenna, edited by R. Wisnovsky (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2001), 73-130.
Wolfson, Harry, Crescas’ Critique of Aristotle (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1929).