La relación entre el perfeccionismo y el bienestar psicológico: rol mediador del tipo de mentalidad
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Este estudio explora la relación entre las dimensiones del perfeccionismo: preocupaciones perfeccionistas y esfuerzos perfeccionistas; y el bienestar psicológico, con el tipo de mentalidad como factor mediador. Las preocupaciones perfeccionistas suelen vincularse con resultados desadaptativos, mientras que los esfuerzos perfeccionistas se asocian con un funcionamiento psicológico positivo. Un total de 323 estudiantes universitarios filipinos (74.9% mujeres) participaron en esta investigación correlacional. Para el análisis de los resultados se empleó el Modelamiento de Ecuaciones Estructurales con análisis de mediación. Los hallazgos del estudio mostraron que las preocupaciones perfeccionistas no se relacionaron significativamente con una mentalidad fija, pero sí se asociaron negativamente con aspectos del bienestar, en particular, el dominio del entorno, el propósito en la vida y la autoaceptación. En contraste, los esfuerzos perfeccionistas se asociaron positivamente con una mentalidad de crecimiento y con niveles más altos de autonomía, crecimiento personal, relaciones positivas y autoaceptación. El análisis de mediación reveló que las personas con una mentalidad de crecimiento tendían a presentar altos niveles de esfuerzos perfeccionistas, lo que se asociaba con un mayor bienestar. Tanto la mentalidad de crecimiento como la mentalidad fija se asociaron con ciertos componentes del bienestar, lo que sugiere que una mentalidad fija puede no ser completamente perjudicial. Este estudio destaca el papel de la mentalidad en la relación entre el perfeccionismo, sobre todo las aspiraciones perfeccionistas, y el bienestar psicológico y funcionamiento de los estudiantes, con implicaciones para el desarrollo de intervenciones basadas en la mentalidad.
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