Investigando la salud autopercibida y el bienestar entre los docentes en Finlandia desde una perspectiva salutogénica
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La profesión docente está entre las más estresantes debido a las altas cargas de trabajo y estrés. El bienestar de los docentes ha recibido una atención creciente, ya que es un factor clave no solo para el bienestar del profesorado, sino también para el de su alumnado, así como para la prosperidad de las escuelas y las comunidades. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el bienestar de los docentes desde una perspectiva salutogénica, enfatizando principios de salud positiva, bienestar y promoción de la salud. En la primavera de 2020, se envió una encuesta a los miembros de un sindicato de profesores finlandeses. En total, 1,312 docentes respondieron a la Escala Salutogénica de Indicadores de Salud. Aproximadamente el 81% de los encuestados eran mujeres y la mayoría de los participantes (91%) tenía más de 30 años. Los resultados de este estudio transversal revelan que los docentes de mayor edad y con más experiencia laboral reportaron una percepción de la energía significativamente mejor, mayor capacidad cognitiva y expresión de sentimientos en comparación con los docentes más jóvenes con experiencia laboral más limitada, así como niveles inferiores de estrés. En conclusión, los docentes mayores y con más experiencia se mostraron más capaces de hacer frente a los factores estresantes en el lugar de trabajo en comparación con sus colegas más jóvenes, lo que presumiblemente está relacionado con un sentido de coherencia más fuerte.
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